Among the many presidents of the United States, there is one president who did not have a college degree. His name is Millard Fillmore, and he served in office from 1907-1908 and again from 1914-1915. This president was known for his leadership qualities and ability to handle difficult situations.
Andrew Johnson
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During his term as President of the United States, Andrew Johnson was the first president to be impeached. His trial was an important political battle that involved issues of constitutionality, broader than his own actions.
The main issues involved in the trial involved the Tenure of Office Act and the constitutionality of the Civil Rights Act. The latter was passed in 1866, which defined all persons born in the United States as citizens.
Andrew Johnson’s opponents accused him of usurping presidential power by trying to prevent Congress from voting on the constitutionality of the Tenure of Office Act. Congress voted to impeach him in February 1868, citing the Tenure of Office Act as the basis for their impeachment.
Andrew Johnson’s supporters defended him, accusing Republicans of using impeachment as a political tool. They pointed out that he was the only sitting senator from a Confederate state who did not resign his seat after learning of the secession of his state.
In the end, Johnson lost congressional support and his popular support. He had 15 vetoes overridden by Congress. He also failed to obtain Senate confirmation of his appointments.
After his presidency, Andrew Johnson returned to his home state of Tennessee. He opened a tailor shop. He also worked as a state legislator. In 1869, he became governor of Tennessee. During his term, he undertook a speaking tour of the state. He sought to rejuvenate his political career.
Grover Cleveland
During his time in the White House, Grover Cleveland served two non-consecutive terms. He was the only president who did not win the nomination of a major political party.
The first term of Grover Cleveland’s presidency was not especially a stellar one. It was marked by the worst economic crisis in United States history. It began with the bankruptcy of the railroad in February 1893. Then, there was a nationwide credit crisis that led to the failure of three more railroads.
Cleveland was criticized for his lack of imagination. He also was accused of anti-Catholicism and for not supporting equal rights for African Americans and women.
In his second term, however, Cleveland faced a deep economic depression. His policies seemed to overwhelm him and he was unable to control the economy. He also faced a series of strikes that crippled the coal and transportation industries.
Cleveland’s policies during the depression were criticized by many, but he was able to maintain the Treasury’s gold reserve. He also repealed the Sherman Silver Purchase Act.
However, the Panic of 1893, which lasted until the Klondike gold rush in Yukon, Canada, was the worst economic depression in United States history. It caused bank failures and unemployment to reach 19 percent. It also lead to the stock market crash of 1893.
During his second term, Cleveland faced a series of political attacks from his party and his opponents. He was criticized for not using legislation to bring about social change. He also refused to enact special economic favors, such as free silver.
Harry Truman
Among the presidents of the United States, Harry Truman is the only president to have never earned a college degree. He was born in 1884 on a farm in Lamar, Missouri. His parents were poor farmers who could not afford to send him to school.
Truman attended high school in Independence, Missouri. He then attended the Spalding’s Commercial College in Kansas City. After one semester, he dropped out. He went on to take night classes at the University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law. He then returned to his parents’ farm to work as a farmer.
After World War II, Truman was appointed to a position in the United States Senate. He was also elected as presiding judge of Jackson County. During his first term, he faced unprecedented international challenges. He was able to successfully implement the Marshall Plan to rebuild Western Europe, but he also had to deal with a host of post-World War II issues. He also issued executive orders to advance civil rights for African-Americans and countered conservative programs.
Truman’s popularity sank during his second term. There was a growing Congressional opposition to his administration. He also faced accusations that the administration was too soft on communism.
Truman is regarded as one of the most successful presidents of the twentieth century, but he also has a long list of mistakes. He also had a shaky leadership style.
Millard Fillmore
Known as the 13th president of the United States, Millard Fillmore was born on January 7, 1800, in a log cabin in Summerhill, Cayaga County, New York. He was the oldest son of nine children. His parents were tenant farmers. His first job was as an apprentice cloth maker. He later studied law in Buffalo. He married Abigail Powers, who was the daughter of Reverend Lemuel Powers.
Millard Fillmore was an important figure in the Buffalo, New York political scene. He was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1832 and became a member of the Anti-Masonic Party. He was an unsuccessful candidate for governor of New York in 1843. He was a member of the Whig Party.
Fillmore’s political career began as a member of the New York State Assembly. He served in the legislature from 1828-1831. He then served as the state comptroller from 1847-1849. During his tenure as the state comptroller, he was the chief financial officer of the richest state in the Union.
Millard Fillmore was elected as the 12th vice president of the United States in 1848. In 1856, Fillmore ran for president of the United States. In 1857, Fillmore’s Whig Party broke up. His political career paved the way for a two-party system in the United States.
After his presidency, Fillmore continued his civic involvement. He was the founding member of the Buffalo chapter of the ASPCA. He was appointed to the board of the Buffalo Historical Society, and he helped to lay the groundwork for the Grosvenor Library, one of the nation’s most comprehensive reference collections.
Andrew Jackson
Despite not having a formal college education, Andrew Jackson was a leading figure in American politics. As the first westerner to reach the White House, he played a role in the evolution of the United States from a republic to a mass democracy.
Andrew Jackson became a lawyer without a college degree. His education was interrupted by the British invasion of western Carolinas in 1780-81. After the war, he decided to further his education. In 1787, he was admitted to the North Carolina bar.
He served as a prosecutor and judge in North Carolina and Tennessee. He became a prominent member of the Senate and House of Representatives. He defeated John Quincy Adams in 1828 and secured presidential succession in 1836. He served two terms as president.
Jackson was a controversial president. His policies arguably helped trigger a severe financial crisis in 1837. He also vetoed a lot of bills. He also oversaw the controversial Indian Removal Act. The act had devastating effects on the Native population.
Andrew Jackson’s policies have been criticized for racial reasons. His treatment of Native Americans was viewed as a form of ethnic cleansing. He refused to honor treaty rights, and he also backed state authority over the Cherokee Nation.
Andrew Jackson had a booming private practice. He also owned hundreds of slaves. He was the largest landholder in Tennessee. He lived in a large mansion near Nashville.
Woodrow Wilson
During his eight years in the White House, President Woodrow Wilson authored nine books, including the five-volume history of the United States. He also pushed through the Federal Reserve Act, which created a more stable money supply.
Wilson also made significant contributions to social reform, including the Child Labor Law and the Internal Revenue Service. His primary goal was to reform the monetary system. He believed that Congress should adopt the British parliamentary system, in which the prime minister is the head of the government.
Wilson’s political philosophy was strongly influenced by his Presbyterian upbringing. He believed that the best way to bring about reform was to eliminate machine politics, which he believed corrupted the political process. He was also highly critical of Congress’s domination of government.
His plans for a series of residential colleges met with resistance. He also wanted to eliminate child labor and other unfair business practices. His first legislation was a lower tariff. He also introduced a graduated Federal income tax.
In 1906, Wilson suffered a stroke. During his cross-country speaking tour, he suffered a major stroke. Wilson’s condition was kept largely secret from the public and Congress. The tour was cancelled.
In 1918, he announced his support for woman’s suffrage. He believed that the role of women in World War I had made them aware of the need for suffrage. He supported the 19th Amendment, which granted women the right to vote.
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